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subfamily
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Leptanillinae
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Japanese Name
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Mukashi-ari-aka
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Original Reference
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Emery, C. (1910) Hymenoptera. Fam. Formicidae. Subfam. Dorylinae. Genera Insectorum, 102: 1-34.
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Description
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Worker monomorphic. Eyes absent. Antennae 12-segmented. Antennal insertions exposed; without associated frontal lobes. Promesonotal suture distinct. Metapleural lobes absent. Propodeal spiracles large and distinct, situated anteriorly on the propodeum. Abdominal pedicel two-segmented (with petiole and postpetiole) in workers.
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Remarks
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Bolton (1990) extended the Leptanillinae to include Apomyrma Brown, Gottwald & Levieux, and two newly assigned genera, Anomalomyrma Taylor and Protanilla Taylor. He divided the subfamily into 3 tribes: Leptanillini (with Leptanilla Emery, Noonilla Petersen, Phaulomyrma Wheeler & Wheeler, Scyphodon Brues, and Yavnella Kugler); Apomyrmini (Apomyrma); and Anomalomyrmini (Anomalomyrma and Protanilla). Noonilla, Phaulomyrma, Scyphodon and Yavnella are all monotypic male-based genera. Ogata et al. (1995) excluded Noonilla from the Leptanillinae, considering it incertae sedis at subfamily level in family Formicidae; while Scyphodon was considered incertae sedis at family level in order Hymenoptera. The others are possible junior synonyms of Leptanilla. The Afrotropical Apomyrma was later classified in a separate subfamily, Apomyrminae, by Baroni Urbani et al. (1992). The "Unnamed new subfamily [Kiba-juzufusi-ari]" recognized in Myrmecological Society of Japan Editorial Committee (1988) corresponds to the present tribe Anomalomyrmini. Tribe Leptanillini comprises about 30 described species distributed in the Old World tropics and temperate zones, including Australia. Males are sometimes collected by sweeping or yellow-pan-trapping. Anomalomyrmini includes only two described species but several more, as yet undescribed, are known from tropical and temperate parts of eastern Asia. Three of these genera are represented in Japan: Leptanilla, Anomalomyrma and Protanilla.
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References
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- Bolton, B. (1990). The higher classification of the ant subfamily Leptanillinae (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Syst. Ent., 15, 267-282.
- Baroni Urbani, C., B. Bolton & P. S. Ward ,1992
- Ogata, K., Terayama, M. & Masuko, K. (1995). The ant genus Leptanilla: discovery of the worker-associated male of L. japonica, and a description of a new species from Taiwan (Hymenoptera: Formicidae: Leptanillinae). Systematic Entomology, 20: 27-34.
- Myrmecological Society of Japan, Editorial Committee (ed.) (Ed.). (1988). A list of the ants of Japan with common Japanese names. The Myrmecological Society of Japan, Tokyo.
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Editor
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Original text by Keiichi Onoyama and Kazuo Ogata. English translation by Kazuo Ogata, edited by Robert W. Taylor.
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