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species
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Formica candida
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Japanese Name
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Tsuya-kuroyama-ari
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Original Reference
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Smith, F. (1878). Scientific results of the Second Yarkand Mission; based upon the collections and notes of the late Ferdinand Stoliczka, Ph.D. Hymenoptera. 22 pp. Superintendent of Government Printing (Government of India), Calcutta.
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Synonym
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Formica picea Nylander, 1846,
Formica transkaucasica Nasonov, 1889,
Formica fusca var. picea: Emery, 1909,
Formica picea: Bondroit, 1912,
Formica fusca picea: Kuznetsov-Ugamsky, 1929,
Formica gagates var. piceogagates Karavaiev, 1926,
Formica picea var. piceoinplana Emery, 1925,
Formica picea var. lochmatteri St?rcke, 1935,
Formica fusca orientalis Ruzsky, 1915,
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Description
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Total length of workers around 4 - 5.5 mm. Body generally strongly shining, black; Mesosoma covered with dense pubescence, weakly shining; pronotum, mesonotum and petiole slightly brownish; legs and antennae blackish brown.
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Remarks
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This species is distinguished from others in Formica by the sparsity of pubescence on the dorsum of its first gastral tergite. Long white hairs are often seen on the ventral side of the head. F. candida nests in the soil under stones and near grass roots. Chromosome number 2n=52 (Imai, 1969) - different from other species of subgenus Serviformica, which have 2n=54. F. candida is the first available name of Tsuya-kuroyama-ari formerly identified as F. picea or F. transkaucasica (Bolton, 1995).
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Distribution
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Hokkaido, Honshu (the central part and northwards), Kyushu (Mt. Kuju); northern Eurasia.
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References
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- Additamentum adnotationum in monographiam formicarum borealium Europae. Acta Societatis Scientiarum Fennicae 2: 1041-1062.
- Mater'yaly po estestvennoi istorie murav'ev preimushchestvenno Rossii. 1. Mater'yaly po faune murav'ev Rossii. Izvestiya Imperatorskago Obshchestva Lyubitelei Estestvoznaniya, Antropologii i Etnografii (Trudy Laboratorii Zoologicheskago Muzeya Moskovskago Universiteta 4) 58: 178.
- St?rcke, A. 1935. Zoologie. Formicidae. Wiss. Ergeb. Niederl. Exped. Karakorum, 1:?@260-269.
- Emery, C. 1909. Beitr?ge zur Monographie der Formiciden des pal?arktischen Faunengebietes. (Hym.) Teil VII. Dtsch. Entomol. Z., 1909: 179-204.
- Bondroit, J. 1912. Fourmis de Hautes-Fagnes. Ann. Soc. Entomol. Belg., 56: 351-352.
- Kuznetsov-Ugamsky, N. N. 1929. Die Ameisen des SYNd-Ussuri-Gebietes. Zool. Anz., 83: 16-34.
- Karavaiev, V. 1926. Beitr?ge zur Ameisenfauna des Kaukasus, nebst einigen Bemerkungen YNber andere palaearktische Formen. (Schluss). Konowia, 5: 187-199.
- Emery, C. 1925. Hymenoptera. Fam. Formicidae. Subfam. Formicinae. Genera Insectorum, 183: 1-302.
- Ruzsky, M. 1915. On the ants of Tibet and the southern Gobi. On material collected on the expedition of Colonel P. K. Kozlov. [in Russian]. Ezheg. Zool. Muz., 20: 418-444.
- Bolton, B. (1995). A new general catalogue of the ants of the world. 504 pp. Harvard University Press.
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Editor
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Original text by Rikio Sonobe and Keiichi Onoyama. English translation by Keiichi Onoyama, edited by Robert W. Taylor.
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