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genus
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Hypoponera
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Japanese Name
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Nise-hari-ari-zoku
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Original Reference
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Santschi, F. (1938) Notes sur quelques Ponera. Bulletin de la SociŽtŽ Entomologique de France 43: 78-80.
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Synonym
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Ponera subgenus Hypoponera Santschi, 1938,
Hypoponera: Taylor, 1967,
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Description
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Small, yellow brown to blackish brown ants. Eyes reduced. Mandibles with 3 or 4 apical teeth, followed by several small denticles. No small pits on dorsolateral surfaces of mandibular bases. Middle and hind tibiae each with a single pectinate spur. No stout setae on extensor surfaces of middle tibiae. Similar to Ponera, but differing in the form of the subpetiolar process, which is a simple lobe. The subpetiolar process in Hypoponera lacks the anterior translucent fenestra (or window) and bilaterally paired small teeth which essentially characterize Ponera. Palpal formula 1:1 or 1:2. Larvae with two pairs of mushroom-like projections (chalazae) dorsally on the abdomen.
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Remarks
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Hypoponera species nest under stones, under and in rotting logs and other fallen wood and in the soil. Several have ergatoid males. More than 100 species are known. The genus is widespread, mainly in tropical and subtropical zones. Eight species have been known in Japan.
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References
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- Notes sur quelques Ponera. Bulletin de la SociŽtŽ Entomologique de France 43: 78-80.
- Taylor, R. W. (1967). A monographic revision of the ant genus Ponera Latreille. . Pac. Ins. Mon., 13, 1-112.
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Editor
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Original text by Keiichi Onoyama and Mamoru Terayama. Revised by Masashi Yoshimura. English translation by Keiichi Onoyama, edited by Robert W. Taylor.
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